طاقة الرياح

Prof. Dr. Karam Y. Maalawy

Dr. Mohamed F. Nasr

Dr. Marwa M. Ibrahim

– Renewable energy & Wind – Demand of electricity – Technological development.

2- Historical Background:

– Vertical axis wind turbines- Horizontal axis wind turbines.

– Offshore & onshore turbines.

– Technological innovations- The physics of utilizing wind energy.

– Wind power- Drag & Lift devices.

3- The Wind:

* Nature of wind – Wind sources – Vertical wind speed gradient and surface roughness – Obstacles on the ground – Wind measurements – Wind Histograms – Weibull Distribution – Capacity factor – Site selection.

4- Wind turbine components design:

– Main issues of designing a wind turbine.

– Design wind speed – Rotor blade design & materials – Types of hub attachment.

– Yawing – Limiting power Output – Tower design.

5- Aerodynamics & Aero-elasticity:

– Aerodynamic shape Optimization of wind turbine blades.

– Advanced blade airfoil sections.

– Flutter optimization.

6- Performance Characteristics:

– Curves of the power & thrust coefficients versus tip-speed ratio.

– Behavior of turbines with pitch changing – Limits of blade element theory.

7- Structural Loads and strength calculations:

Blade combined loading – Cyclic loads – Critical Loads on tower and nacelle.

Material strength- Resonant frequencies – Fatigue limits.

8- Power Transmission:

– Types of gear box – Basic concepts

– Wind Turbine Generators – A.C. machines and their construction – Synchronous A.C. machines.

– Battery charging – Grid-connected operation – Induction generators.

9- Controlling wind turbines:

– Types of control (Yawing – Pitching) – Controlling turbines by centrifugal mechanisms

– Passive control – Spoilers & braking flaps – Other control concepts.

– Pitch and yaw control optimization.

10- Design & fabrication of functionally graded composite blades:

– Different types of materials – Structural analysis by lamination theory- Computer programs.

– Methods of production (Hand Lay-Up Fabrication – Resin Transfer Molding,…..etc.).