A Study of the combustion characteristics of Waste cooking oil

A master’s thesis was discussed

A Study of the combustion characteristics of Waste cooking oil

Submitted by Eng. / Ahmed Mahfouz Mohamed Mustafa Abdel Gawad

Research Assistant in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the National Research Center

In the presence each of

Prof. Dr. Mustafa Ahmed Ismail, Professor at Mattaria faculty of Engineering, Helwan University, where he stated that the higher education based on advanced scientific research in the system seeks to raise the country is the name of values. He also referred to the various types of new and renewable energy. The aim is to reduce environmental pollutants, reduce prices, maintain fossil fuels and create jobs for young people even if they are based on small projects. Dr. Mustafa Ismail said that the search for alternatives to biofuels because biofuels have some precautions and risks in transportation and chemicals in addition to the increase in chemical prices continues. He concluded by saying that the aim of the Master’s thesis is to renew the student’s thinking and provide him with scientific and laboratory information. He has experimented with many experiments to create low-grade fuel in pollutants and less in thermal quantity, using cooking oil consumed by restaurants, homes and food factories.
Prof. Hany Ahmed Moneib Professor of combustion and thermal energy machines in the Department of mechanical power – Faculty of Engineering Mattaria – Helwan University where this research aims to use cooking oil used to help reduce the emission of pollutants. It is characterized by low cost and higher performance in combustion. This is in addition to the solution to the problem of disposal of cooking oil used in addition to study the characteristics of combustion of a mixture of cooking oil and diesel in different proportions and study the form of flame produced.
The laboratory study in this thesis reached the following results:
• Flame length is inversely proportional to excess air ratio and is directly proportional to air pressure.
• At high mixing rates of cooking oil with diesel fuel, this will shorten the flame length and decrease its stability.
• Diesel oil and cooking blends achieved the lowest percentage of emissions compared with diesel fuel.
• The fuel produces a flame that tends to yellow color but produces the cooking oil used to produce a bright white flame due to its high content of carbon.
• The combustion of blends of diesel and cooking oil produced the lowest emissions of nitrogen dioxide and sulfur compared to diesel oil.
• The combustion of blends of diesel and cooking oil leads to lower emissions of carbon dioxide at rates of excess air compared to diesel.
• The cooking oil used causes the oxygen in the exhaust to be higher than the fuel due to the high oxygen content of the oil.
• Chemical analysis of cooking oil used showed the amount of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.  He added that The ratio of oleic acid 34.94% and palmitic acid 28.78%.

Prof. Dr. Ahmed Elfatih Farrag Professor of Mechanical Engineering Department at National Research Center that studying the characteristics of combustion of cooking oil is one of the most important modern trends to search for alternatives to fossil fuels. He pointed out that Engineer Ahmed Mahfouz carried out laboratory and scientific experiments after studying and reading in the field of continuous combustion. As confirmed by d. Ahmed Al-Fatih that scientific research is the basis of the present and the foundation of the future. The scientific research of human and scientific research is a credible study. It is sufficient for the researcher to follow the steps of writing a research, sequencing the application of the experiments, obtaining the answers and results of the research and studying the previous researches that are concerned with the subject of his research and its inclusion to follow the reader the development of research in the context of the subject studied, Research the way to summarize the previous studies in a science and then tell the reader of the new research that benefited from the above and then built on the conclusions, which are not necessarily agree but can be contrary and thus explain why they fail and convince the reader with evidence and charters.

Dr. Mohamed Saber Gad, researcher at the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the National Research Center that the cooking oil consumed was collected from restaurants and nominated on several stages and heated and mixed with diesel in different proportions. The fuel mixtures were burned through a fuel lighter of 102 kW. The fuel is controlled by a computer programmer connected to the computer. The combustion is carried out in a cold water-cooled oven. Pollutant emissions and flammable temperatures were measured using an exhaust gas exhaust system and S type thermocouple. The depletion of fossil fuels, the high cost of biodiesel production, the explosive damage from unsafe disposal of spent cooking oil, and harmful emissions that cause damage to the environment all led to Search for new alternatives to fuel. This research aims at a comprehensive experimental study on the characteristics of combustion and flame for a mixture of cooking oil and diesel.